Measuring Religious Freedom Globally: Interview with Jonathan Fox

Religion and State Project founder and Bar-Ilan University professor Jonathan Fox explains how state policies concerning religion and religious freedom can be measured empirically. Fox discusses what prompts governments to discriminate against certain (or all) religions and why government support of religion is a popular tactic to control it. He also provides nuanced perspectives on the interplay of democratic and secular governments and religious freedom, drawing on legal decisions involving religious freedom and women’s rights, bodily integrity, and the humane treatment of animals.

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Discriminatory State Practices Involving National Identity Documents with Impacts on Religious Freedom

Brandon Reece Taylorian is an associate lecturer and researcher at the University of Lancashire (UK).

Introduction

Government-issued identity (ID) documents are commonplace, from passports to birth and marriage certificates to national ID cards.[1] These documents play an important role in civil society, national security, and international travel. However, several states issue ID documents in ways that discriminate based on religion or belief, causing reasonable concerns for those monitoring conditions of freedom of religion or belief (FoRB). This post summarizes discriminatory state practices in issuing national ID documents and their impacts on the freedoms of religious communities and individuals. Surveying such practices highlights the intersection of several FoRB violations, including withholding citizenship from members of disfavored religions and placing undue restraints on the economic and social mobility of members of religious minorities.

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Indonesia’s Religious Freedom Landscape

Alwi Shihab is a senior fellow at the Leimena Institute and is the Indonesian president’s special envoy to the Middle East and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. The following post is based on his remarks during the panel “Understanding Religious Freedom: Why Does It Matter?” at the ICLRS 31st Annual International Law and Religion Symposium, 7 October 2024.

Religious freedom in Indonesia is a complex and nuanced issue. While Indonesia officially promotes religious diversity, and its constitution guarantees the right to worship, unfortunately, the reality on the ground is often more complicated.

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