Iraq’s Legal Crisis Through the Lens of Its Personal Status Law

Anne Harper is a JD student and pro-bono scholar at Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law.

On 21 January 2025, Iraq’s legislature adopted a law that will highly likely subject Iraqi women and girls to human rights violations, based entirely on internal regulations developed by the religious sect to which they belong. Specifically, the legislation amended the 1959 Personal Status Law (PSL) to expand the authority of religious sects within Iraq to develop their own family (personal status) laws based on their interpretations of Sharia law.

(more…)

Continue Reading Iraq’s Legal Crisis Through the Lens of Its Personal Status Law

Enemies and Brothers

Elizabeth A. Clark is Associate Director of the International Center for Law and Religion Studies and the lead organizer of the Center’s Annual International Law and Religion Symposium. The following is an edited summary of her remarks given during the closing session of the 29th Annual Symposium, 4 October 2022.

My Enemy, My Brother

A few years ago, I watched a short documentary called My Enemy, My Brother (2015), which relates a true story that begins with a surprising incident during the Iran-Iraq war.

As most of us remember, the Iran-Iraq war was a devastating and brutal conflict that lasted from 1980 to 1988. It involved chemical weapons, ballistic missiles, a million casualties on both sides, and at least half a million soldiers who became permanently disabled.

(more…)

Continue Reading Enemies and Brothers

Why Iraq Should Enact Laws Criminalizing Genocide

Aldo Zammit Borda is Associate Professor at City, University of London. He has published extensively on international justice issues and, most recently, has co-authored a report on State responsibility for the Yazidi genocide. The following is an edited summary of his remarks at the April and July 2022 Windsor Dialogue conferences.

We know the heavy psychosocial toll that the genocide perpetrated by ISIS (Daesh) against the Yazidis has had on this small, religious community. That genocide, which began in the early hours of 3 August 2014, was intended to destroy the Yazidis in northern Iraq on account of their religious beliefs and their depiction as “devil worshippers.”

Under the Genocide Convention, the crime of genocide may be committed through a number of underlying acts, including killing, causing serious bodily or mental harm, and deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about a group’s physical destruction. In 2016, a UN Commission of Inquiry report found that ISIS fighters had committed genocide against the Yazidis using all of the methods envisaged by the Convention.

(more…)

Continue Reading Why Iraq Should Enact Laws Criminalizing Genocide